Oil filter



- Nov. 23, 1937 M. H. PERRY 2,100,266

OIL FILTER Filed Sept. 14, 1936 JW/Enflfar Patented Nov. 23, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

Milton 1!. Perry, Lansing, Mich. Application September 14, 1936, Serial No. 100,753

This invention relates to oil filters, more generally, to the filtration of liquids or gases or to any similar uses to whichit may be applied.

The object of this invention is, to provide a filter comprising a plurality of spring coils of wire or the like, the coils being of different sizes and arranged one within another as illustrated and described herein. The experience of this applicant indicates that to filter oil to a fine degree, the fiow must be more orless retarded. Screening only is not filtering in the sense desired and intended in the use of this invention. Running oil through a screen that would take care of the capacity of a pump is not filtering according tothe meaning of this application. In all motor plant filters, with which the applicant is familiar, filters are not located on the main lines from the oil pumps to the bearings. This would bevery unsatisfactory and even 2o dangerous to the hearings in case the filter became clogged. Therefore, in the arrangement of all motor systems the filters are placed on the by-pass, such as coming oi the gauge line, or

' anywhere oft the pump, so that the oil going 25 through the filter has nothing whatsoever to do with the oil supply to the motor. In that arrangement, filtering from the b'y-pass and returning to the crank case affords an opportunity to retard or check the flow by the resistance of 30 the filter, and to take filtering oil through slowly and return it back to the crank case without interference with the supply directed to the motor. The amount of oil pumped over and over on the bearings may reach a considerable number of 5 gallons during a day's run of an automobile or stationary. engine. Applicant believes that a filter .that turned the oil in the crank case only once during a day's run would be a much better and finer filter. than one which would put the oil 40 through ten times or more. It is well known that 8% to 10% of all cylinder oil becomes sludge or foul matter before it is used up. That is to say, the oil is better after use if it can be cleaned and the pollution removed as proposed by applicant. 45 The use of this invention in any motor system puts the oil into a finer state, brealdng up the globules and working them into a size and uniform character, resulting in a much more effective lubricant. V 50 'Theconstruction 'of a filter in accordance with this invention is such that in use the oil is passed through it under pressure very slowly. With the housing or casing outside the springs, and par-- ticularly the construction and arrangement of 65 the springs, the sludge is entirely removed with other impurities in the oil, whichsettle to the bottom of the housing and the series of springs. By constantly passing the oil through, there is picked up all the water, grit, wax etc., which is collected in the lower part of the filter, thus keep- 5 ing the oil in the crank case clean and free from sludge. This result would not be-accomplished with a rush of oil on the main line, through the bearings, in an arrangement where the motor would have to depend entirely upon the flow of 10 oil directly through the filter. It is the experience of applicant that there is no superior material with which to purify oil than the waste that clings more orless to the coils of this invention which the filtering oil has to pass through. This 15 makes a very fine degree of filtration. In fact, the filter constructed in accordance with this invention is much more efilcient when it has 9.0- cumulated an amount of debris than it is when all washed out and perfectly clean. The cleaning periods for washing out and cleaning the filter herein set forth are governed entirely by the size of the filter. For the size of the filter illustrated in the drawing accompanying this application it is recommended that it be cleaned every two thousand miles over which the automobile may be driven, so that the waste will not build up, or plug up the filter completely, thus terminating its usefulness for the time being.

It has been determined by experiment, that the adjusting screw which secures the cap mentioned-upon the top of the coil series, is not absolutely necessary. In fact, it may be operated by persons without familiarity with the invention to put the whole out of adjustment.

Therefore, thisinvention is/not to be limited to the inclusion of the adjusting means, but the series of springs and deposit spaces may be built and ground to the right adjustment in the first instance in the manufacture of the invention. The only use for the upper screw would then be h for taking the filter. apart in the process of cleaning 0f the drawing forming a part of this application for Letters Patent, Fig. 1 represents an outside view of all parts assembled.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the housing or casing, showing the position of the springs therein.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the casing with the springs omitted, showing the, axial discharge tube and its connections.

Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken on the broken line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 represent vertical external 25 views of the coils, showing their difierent thickness or diameters. 1

Throughout the drawing and description the same number is used to refer to the same part. Considering the drawing, a housing or casing I of any desired form or size, has an inlet opening 2, and a throat 3 usually threaded and closed by the removable screw plug or cap 4. The plug may be provided with an outlet pipe 0 through which is formed an outlet passage as shown. Usually there are five coils, 6, I, 8, 8, and MI, arranged one within another. The coils are or different size wire; and the coils may alternate right and left turns in order that there maybe no direct by-pass or straight travel oi the liquid. This alternation will put the liquid into a. whirl and there will be a retardation as it passes, and

gives the foreign matter, sludge and muck such as is found in all oil, a chance to settle to the bottom oi! the casing or housing. It is not intended to limit the invention to any particular number or disposition of coils, or size or shape or wire, or to the space between the coils, or interval between the wires of the same coil.

In Figs. 2 and 3 is shown a cap I I secured by a screw l2 upon the tops of the spring column, thus closing the tops of the springs. Screw l2 engages threads in the upper end ot'an axial discharge tube It, and if desired, pressure may be exerted upon the springs by means of the cap and screw. Tube II has its lower end in communication with the outlet passage of the plug 4 as illustrated, and the tube is further provided with any number of openings I4 and II in any selected positions to admit filtered fluid from the coils into the tube.

The operation of this invention is believed to have been fully brought out in the foregoing explanation.

Having described this invention and its use, I

claim:

In a fluid filter, the combination with a casing having an outlet tube, an inlet tube arranged axially in the casing and provided with perforations, a series of coils of wire arranged around said inlet tube, said coils being placed one within another, the outermost of said coils being formed of wire greatest in thickness, the innermost coils being formed of wire least in thickness in said series, and the said inlet tube having a top provided with a screw engaging the inlet tube for closing the tops oi the coils.

\ MILTON H. PERRY. 

